C : DATA INPUT AND OUTPUT

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DATA INPUT AND OUTPUT

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SINGLE CHARACTER INPUT AND OUTPUT :

1. getchar() :
   
   
   1. The getchar() function is used to get a single character from the user.
   
   
   2. At a time it reads only a single character,so if we have entered character say 'xyz' it will only take 'x' as a single character.
   
   
   3. SYNTAX : char variable_name = getchar();
   
   
2. putchar() :
   
   
   1. The putchar() function is used to print/display the single character that user have entered using getchar() function.
   
   
   2. The function will display only a single character at a time.
   
   
   3. SYNTAX : putchar(variable_name);

  

#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
  char a;
  a=getchar();
  putchar(a);
}

SCANF AND PRINTF FUNCTION :

1. scanf() :
   
   
   1. The scanf() function is used to get input of any datatype from the user.
   
   
   2. It scans/take input from the user according to the format provided.
   
   
   3. Format specifies the datatypes such as %d,%s,%c,%f for integer,string,character,float.
   
   
   4. SYNTAX : scanf("format",&variable_name);;
   
   
2. printf() :
   
   
   1. The printf() function is used to print/display string along with the values if required.
   
   
   2. It is used for guiding the user and also to print the values/data.
   
   
   3. SYNTAX : printf("control string format"variable_name);
   
   

  

#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
  int num;
  printf("ENTER NUMBER : ");
  scanf("%d",&num);
  printf("\nTHE NUMBER YOU HAVE ENTERED IS : %d",num);
}

GETS and PUTS function :

1. gets() :
   
   
   1. This function is useful to accept from the keyboard and store it into a variable.
   
   
   2. SYNTAX : gets(str);
   
   
2. puts() :
   
   
   1. This function displays a string on the monitor.
   
   
   2. SYNTAX : puts(str);